XFEM4U Loads
Beam loads
Beam loads are inserted in a local beam coordinate system. See Design arrangement.
The dialog box shown below is opened.
Load case
Choice for the load case.
Type of load
Choose the type of load you want to add.
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
|
Even distributed load, or varying load |
|
Point force - F-load |
|
Moment - M-load |
Description
Free text to describe the load.
Direction of the load/ local global
The load can be inserted in 3 directions. In x-,y- or z-direction relative to the local coordinate system standard or the global coordinate system.
q1
The magnitude of the load. For the q-load the magnitude of the load at the beginning in kN/m. For a point load the amplitude of the load in kN. For a moment the magnitude of the load in kNm.
With plus min you can change the sign of the loads very easy. Standard the sign is at min because this is most common
q2
Only for the q-load the magnitude of the load at the end of the beam in kN/m.
a
The distance in mm where the load starts, counted from the begin node of the beam.
L
Only for the q-load the length of the load should be inserted. Standard the load is going up to the end of the beam.
Angle
Only for the q- and F-load. The angle in degrees to the perpendicular. The direction opposite to the clockwise direction is positive.
z
The distance in the z-direction in mm relative to the reference line. The reference line is adjustable. 'z relative to top', 'z relative to centerline', 'z relative to bottom'.
This distance is only relevant for lateral-torsional buckling resistance check
Eccentricity
The eccentricity in mm measured perpendicular to the load load surface. For a load in the z-direction this is the distance in y-direction. For a load in the y-direction this is the distance in the z-direction. This eccentricity causes torsion in the beam. By standard the eccentricity is zero. For example with piled concrete foundations the load can be eccentric.
Table
Beam loads can also be added/changed in the table. It does not matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical input and numerical input via tables.
Node loads
Node loads are added in the Node coordinate system. See Design Arrangement.
The dialog box shown below is opened.
Load case
Option for the load case.
The node load will be inserted in the global coordinate system. When for the particular node, a local coordinate system is inserted, the forces will be inserted relative to this coordinate system.
Description
Free text to describe the load.
Fx
The magnitude of the force in kN in the x-direction
Fy
The magnitude of the force in kN in the y-direction
Fz
The magnitude of the force in kN in the z-direction
Mx
The magnitude of the moment in kNm around the x-axis.
My
The magnitude of the moment in kNm around the y-axis.
Mz
The magnitude of the moment in kNm around the z-axis.
Vector load
An opportunity for entering the load as a vector in a certain direction.
F
The magnitude of the vector force in kN
dx
Relative distance in x-direction
dy
Relative distance in y-direction
dz
Relative distance in z-direction
By the use of dx,dy and dz the direction of the vector force is determined.
Table
Node loads can also be added/changed in a table. It does not matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical input and numerical input via tables
Node displacements
Node displacements are added in a node coordinate system. See Design arrangement.
The dialog box shown below is opened.
Load case
Option for the load case.
The node displacement will be inserted in the global coordinate system . When for a particular node, a local coordinate system is inserted, the displacement will be inserted relative to this coordinate system.
dx
The amplitude of the displacement in mm in the x-direction
dy
The amplitude of the displacement in mm in the y-direction
dz
The amplitude of the displacement in mm in the z-direction
drx
The amplitude of the rotation in mrad around the x-axis
dry
The amplitude of the rotation in mrad around the y-axis
drz
The amplitude of the rotation in mrad around the z-axis
Table
Node displacements can also be added/changed in a table. It does not matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical input and numerical input via tables.
Surface loads
Surface loads can be used for plates, walls and beam structures. In the case of beam structures, all beam loads are generated automatically.
You can draw any surface as a 'polyline' just as you know it from AutoCAD. Press the escape-key or click the right mouse button when finished.
Next the dialog box shown below is opened.
Pay attention! To be able to generate beam loads, edge beams must occur.
With the display option Show derived bar loads you can display all automatically generated beam loads. You can use this to check whether the loads have been created correctly. See Display Options.
Load case
Choice for the load case.
Description
Free text to describe the load.
Direction of the load/ local-global
The load can be inserted in 3 directions. In x-,y- or z-direction relative to the local coordinate system(standard) or the global coordinate system.
You can choose "Local", "Global" and "Global projective".
When choosing Global projective for snow and live loads the load is related on the projection area
q1 ,q2 and q3
The magnitude of the load in kN/m2.
Load bearing direction
Here you can enter the load bearing direction of the plate you will using. There are 3 options.
Type of load
Here you can specify whether the load is uniformly distributed or linear. With a linear running load you can enter, for example, a water pressure or soil pressure on a wall. Or a running wind load over a tall building.
Linear loads are defined by specifying loads q1, q2 and q3 in 3 points. The button below allows you to select those 3 points of the "polyline".
All directions, parallel to x-direction and parallel to y-direction, related to the axis of the surface load. The x-axis is from first point towards the second point you will draw.
You can view the local coordinate system with display option Surface load orientation. See Display Options.