XBeam2D Beams: Difference between revisions

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In the graphical screen beams can be added very easy by drawing them. In the function bar you choose this icon: [[File:XBeam2DIcon.png|22x22px]]
[[Documentation XBeam2D|BACK]]
 
In the graphical screen beams can be added very easily by drawing them. In the function bar you choose this icon: [[File:XBeam2DIcon.png|22x22px]]


Beams are drawn as a 'polyline' just as you know it in AutoCAD. The begin node from a following beam is the end node of the last drawn beam.
Beams are drawn as a 'polyline' just as you know it in AutoCAD. The begin node from a following beam is the end node of the last drawn beam.
Line 8: Line 10:


=== Beam properties ===
=== Beam properties ===
[[File:XBeam2DProperties.png|500px]]
'''Changing a beam'''   
 
As you are drawing a beam, help lines (horizontal and vertical) will appear connected to the previous inserted nodes. Often the node, to which you want to draw the beam, has the same x- or z-value as the previous one. In this way it is easy to insert nodes. Obviously you can adapt the coordinates afterwards numerically or by moving the node. 
 
While drawing a new beam you will see a dimension line parallel to the beam.  You can, just as you know it in AutoCad, immediately insert the distances numerically by entering the value / values  your keyboard. There are 3 possibilities for drawing a beam:
 
'''1. Drawing a beam with a known length.'''
 
      The value will appear in the dimension line. By the use of the enter-key the input is closed and the beam with that length is added.
 
'''2. Drawing a beam using relative Cartesian coordinates (dx, dz).'''
 
      Enter the distance in x-direction first. The value will appear in the dimension line. Next you type a point-comma ";" and the distance in the z-direction. The value appears in a second input field. By the use of the enter-key the input is ended and the beam is added.
 
'''3. Drawing a beam using relative polar coordinates (R, angle)'''
 
      First you enter the radius. The value appears in the dimension line. Next you type a smaller-than-key : "<'' and the angle in the xz-direction. The value appears in a second input field. By the use of the enter-key the input is ended and the beam is added.
 
'''4. Input of relative cartesian coordinates (dx, dz) or absolute cartesian coordinates (x, z).'''
 
Press the space key and the dialog box below appears. Here you can enter relative coordinates or absolute coordinates directly.
cartesiancoordinates
 
 
In this way, you can quickly insert your construction.
 
 
 
film 32x32Look at the demo.
 
 
 
Obviously it is possible to change the beams and nodes you inserted afterwards.  
 
'''Changing a beam'''


Changing a beam is possible by clicking on the beam with the left mouse button, and subsequently choose for properties by clicking with the right mouse button. There is a more easy way, namely a double click on the beam. Consequently the following dialog box will be opened.  
Changing a beam is possible by clicking on the beam with the left mouse button, and subsequently choose for properties by clicking with the right mouse button. There is a more easy way, namely a double click on the beam. Consequently the following dialog box will be opened.  


[[File:XBeam2DProperties.png|583x583px]]
 
beam
 


'''Beam number'''
'''Beam number'''


This is the number of the beam.
This is the number of the beam.


'''From node no.'''  
'''From node no.'''  


This is the number of the begin node.
This is the number of the begin node.


'''To node no.'''  
'''To node no.'''  


This is the number of the end node.
This is the number of the end node.
'''Beam angle'''


'''Beam angle'''
'''Beam angle'''


This is the angle in degrees with the global x-axis. The direction opposite to the clockwise direction is positive.
This is the angle in degrees with the global x-axis. The direction opposite to the clockwise direction is positive.  
'''Beam type'''


'''Beam type'''
'''Beam type'''


By the use of the beam type it is shown if the beam in the regarding node is connected by a hinged or a stiff connection.
By the use of the beam type it is shown if the beam in the relevant node is connected by a hinged or a stiff connection.   
 
   
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
Line 87: Line 47:
|Fixed connection both sides (default)
|Fixed connection both sides (default)
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection2.png]]
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection3.png]]
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection4.png]]
|Both sides pinned connection
|Both sides pinned connection
|-
|-
Line 99: Line 59:
|
|
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection5.png]]
|Fixed connection both sides, ONLY tension
|Fixed connection both sides, ONLY tension
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection6.png]]
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end, ONLY tension
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end, ONLY tension
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection7.png]]
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY tension
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY tension
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection8.png]]
|Both sides pinned connection, ONLY tension
|Both sides pinned connection, ONLY tension
|-
|-
Line 114: Line 74:
|
|
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection9.png]]
|Fixed connection both sides, ONLY pressure
|Fixed connection both sides, ONLY pressure
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection10.png]]
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end,  ONLY pressure
|Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end,  ONLY pressure
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection11.png]]
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY pressure
|Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY pressure
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection12.png]]
|Both sides pinned connection, ONLY pressure
|Both sides pinned connection, ONLY pressure
|-
|-
Line 129: Line 89:
|
|
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection13.png]]
|Both sides are connected by springs
|Both sides are connected by springs
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection14.png]]
|At the beginning connected by a spring; pinned connection at the end.
|At the beginning connected by a spring; pinned connection at the end.
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection16.png]]
|Pinned connection at beginning; end connected by a spring
|Pinned connection at beginning; end connected by a spring
|-
|-
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection1.png]]
|[[File:XBeam2DConnection15.png]]
|Both sides a pinned connection
|Both sides a pinned connection
|}
|}
Line 144: Line 104:
   
   


'''Connection'''
 
connection


Specifically and only for the spring beam connections, the spring data needs to be inserted.  
Specifically and only for the spring beam connections, the spring data needs to be inserted.  


See Spring beam connection
See Spring beam connection.




Beam type (loads)


This type is only used at the load generator. Based on this, the snow and wind loads are generated. You have the choice between ''floor, left vertical wall, right vertical wall, roof, overhang, wall/ parapet ''. See Load generator.
'''Profile name'''


Here you choose the profile name.


Load width


You can "override" the B- Load width truss per beam by specifying a different load width at the beginning and end of the beam. See Load generator.


Split into structural member sections for analysis
'''Angle'''


Setting whether, for the determination of the force distribution (framework calculation), the beam has to be split in in partial beams when nodes are found on the beam. This function is enabled by default.
The angle of the profile. That is the angle relative to the local coordinate system. Normally this is zero degrees. When you want, for example, to enter loaded at its weak axis you fill in 90 degrees.
[[File:XBeam2DNewCopy.png|none|thumb|308x308px]]
You can also add new profiles, copy profiles and  delete profiles. Choose for Properties when you want to adapt the profile data and/or want to select another standard profile type from the profile database.  


'''Elastic soil'''


Profile name
This enables you to enter an elastic supported beam. The elastic soil  is schematized as a number of spring that can support positive reactions only. The spring distance can adjusted with "Smoothing". The spring value of the spring will be calculated automatically. 
'''Modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction'''


Here you choose the profile name
'''Modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction'''


The modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction in kN/m3.


Angle


The angle of the profile. That is the angle relative to the local coordinate system. Normally this is zero degrees. When you want to for example enter the column rotated (so loaded at it's weak axis) you fill in 90 degrees.
'''Global values of Sub-Grade Reaction of several types of soil.'''
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Type
!Modulus Sub-Grade [kN/m3]
|-
|well-graded gravel and gravel / sand mixtures, with little or no fine
|80000 - 130000
|-
|poorly graded gravel, with little or no fine
|80000 - 130000
|-
|gravel / sand / clay mixtures
|50000 - 130000
|-
|well-graded sand and gravelly sand, with little or no fine
|50000 - 100000
|-
|poorly graded sand, with little or no fine
|40000 - 100000
|-
|sand / clay mixtures
|30000 - 80000
|-
|very fine sand, loamy sand
|30000 - 50000
|-
|solid clay
|10000 - 30000
|-
|weak clay and peat
|0 - 10000
|}




new copy delete properties


'''Width'''


You can also add new profiles, copy profiles and  delete profiles. Choose for Properties when you want to adapt the profile data and/or want to select another standard profile type from the profile database.  
The width of support. Default is the width of the used section but it can be adjusted as well. The width is relevant to determine the spring value.
 
'''Smoothing'''


Elastic soil
'''Smoothing'''


This enables you to enter a elastic supported beam. The elastic soil  is schematized as a number of spring that can support positive reactions only. The spring distance can adjusted with "Smoothing". The spring value of the spring will be calculated automatically.  
Default the spacing corresponds with 1x section height. It is possible to change this from 0,5x to 5x section height. This value is relevant to determine the spring value.  
'''Input per beam'''


'''Input per beam'''


Modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction
When this is switched on the dialog above will be displayed each time a new beam is drawn. This for example enables you to switch the profile. 


The modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction in kN/m3.
'''Table Beams'''


Beams can also be added/changed in the table Beams in the left bottom. It doesn't matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical drawing and numerical input via tables.
 
[[File:XFrame2DTableBeams.png|none|thumb|595x595px]]
Global values of Sub-Grade Reaction of several types of soil.
 
Type
Modulus Sub-Grade [kN/m3]
well-graded gravel and gravel / sand mixtures, with little or no fine
80000 - 130000
poorly graded gravel, with little or no fine
80000 - 130000
gravel / sand / clay mixtures
50000 - 130000
well-graded sand and gravely sand, with little or no fine
50000 - 100000
poorly graded sand, with little or no fine
40000 - 100000
sand / clay mixtures
30000 - 80000
very fine sand, loamy sand
30000 - 50000
solid clay
10000 - 30000
weak clay and peat
0 - 10000
 
 
 


Width
===Spring beam connection===


The width of support. Default is this the width of the used section but it can be adjusted as well. The width is relevant to determine the spring value.
The following dialogue box is opened.


[[File:XBeam2DBeamConnections.png|303x303px]]
   
   


Smoothing


Default the ctc- distance corresponds with 1x section height. It is possible to change this from 0,5x to 5x section height. This value is relevant to determine the spring value.
Here you can adapt the spring characteristics of a spring connection ( for example a semi-rigid fixed connection).  
'''No.'''


'''No.'''


Input per beam
This is the number of the connection, this number is set automatically. From the beams reference is made to this number. In that way the same connection can be applied multiple times. The spring characteristics are only defined one time. So afterwards adapting the spring characteristics is very easy.
'''Description'''


When this is switched on the dialog above will be displayed each time a new beam is drawn. This for example enables you to switch the profile.
'''Description'''


Free text space.


   
   


Table Beams
'''Kx'''


Beams can also be added/changed in the table Beams in the left bottom. It doesn't matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical drawing and numerical input via tables.
Stiffness in kN/m.




table_beam


'''Cy'''
 
 
Xframe2d


Momentum stiffness in kNm/RAD.
XFrame2d

Latest revision as of 06:57, 12 November 2022

BACK

In the graphical screen beams can be added very easily by drawing them. In the function bar you choose this icon: XBeam2DIcon.png

Beams are drawn as a 'polyline' just as you know it in AutoCAD. The begin node from a following beam is the end node of the last drawn beam.

It is possible, but not necessary, to draw nodes before you insert the beams. You can also start with drawing the beams, in this way the nodes will be inserted automatically.

When you draw your first beam, the dialog box shown below appears. In this box you can insert the beam connections and the profile of the beam. Use the escape-key to end the drawing of the beams.

Beam properties

Changing a beam

Changing a beam is possible by clicking on the beam with the left mouse button, and subsequently choose for properties by clicking with the right mouse button. There is a more easy way, namely a double click on the beam. Consequently the following dialog box will be opened.

XBeam2DProperties.png

Beam number

This is the number of the beam.


From node no.

This is the number of the begin node.


To node no.

This is the number of the end node. Beam angle

Beam angle

This is the angle in degrees with the global x-axis. The direction opposite to the clockwise direction is positive. Beam type

Beam type

By the use of the beam type it is shown if the beam in the relevant node is connected by a hinged or a stiff connection.

Indices Description
XBeam2DConnection1.png Fixed connection both sides (default)
XBeam2DConnection2.png Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end
XBeam2DConnection3.png Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end
XBeam2DConnection4.png Both sides pinned connection
XBeam2DConnection5.png Fixed connection both sides, ONLY tension
XBeam2DConnection6.png Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end, ONLY tension
XBeam2DConnection7.png Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY tension
XBeam2DConnection8.png Both sides pinned connection, ONLY tension
XBeam2DConnection9.png Fixed connection both sides, ONLY pressure
XBeam2DConnection10.png Fixed connection at beginning; pinned connection at the end,  ONLY pressure
XBeam2DConnection11.png Pinned connection at beginning; fixed connection at the end, ONLY pressure
XBeam2DConnection12.png Both sides pinned connection, ONLY pressure
XBeam2DConnection13.png Both sides are connected by springs
XBeam2DConnection14.png At the beginning connected by a spring; pinned connection at the end.
XBeam2DConnection16.png Pinned connection at beginning; end connected by a spring
XBeam2DConnection15.png Both sides a pinned connection


Connection

Specifically and only for the spring beam connections, the spring data needs to be inserted.

See Spring beam connection.


Profile name

Here you choose the profile name.


Angle

The angle of the profile. That is the angle relative to the local coordinate system. Normally this is zero degrees. When you want, for example, to enter loaded at its weak axis you fill in 90 degrees.

XBeam2DNewCopy.png

You can also add new profiles, copy profiles and delete profiles. Choose for Properties when you want to adapt the profile data and/or want to select another standard profile type from the profile database.

Elastic soil

This enables you to enter an elastic supported beam. The elastic soil is schematized as a number of spring that can support positive reactions only. The spring distance can adjusted with "Smoothing". The spring value of the spring will be calculated automatically. Modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction

Modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction

The modulus of Sub-Grade Reaction in kN/m3.


Global values of Sub-Grade Reaction of several types of soil.

Type Modulus Sub-Grade [kN/m3]
well-graded gravel and gravel / sand mixtures, with little or no fine 80000 - 130000
poorly graded gravel, with little or no fine 80000 - 130000
gravel / sand / clay mixtures 50000 - 130000
well-graded sand and gravelly sand, with little or no fine 50000 - 100000
poorly graded sand, with little or no fine 40000 - 100000
sand / clay mixtures 30000 - 80000
very fine sand, loamy sand 30000 - 50000
solid clay 10000 - 30000
weak clay and peat 0 - 10000


Width

The width of support. Default is the width of the used section but it can be adjusted as well. The width is relevant to determine the spring value. Smoothing

Smoothing

Default the spacing corresponds with 1x section height. It is possible to change this from 0,5x to 5x section height. This value is relevant to determine the spring value. Input per beam

Input per beam

When this is switched on the dialog above will be displayed each time a new beam is drawn. This for example enables you to switch the profile.

Table Beams

Beams can also be added/changed in the table Beams in the left bottom. It doesn't matter. It is also possible to change in between graphical drawing and numerical input via tables.

XFrame2DTableBeams.png

Spring beam connection

The following dialogue box is opened.

XBeam2DBeamConnections.png


Here you can adapt the spring characteristics of a spring connection ( for example a semi-rigid fixed connection). No.

No.

This is the number of the connection, this number is set automatically. From the beams reference is made to this number. In that way the same connection can be applied multiple times. The spring characteristics are only defined one time. So afterwards adapting the spring characteristics is very easy. Description

Description

Free text space.


Kx

Stiffness in kN/m.


Cy

Momentum stiffness in kNm/RAD.

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